得 de
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particle
potential marker
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Structural Particle 结构助词
Notes: In this use, 得 is a sentence particle used after a verb to show possibility. 得 must be placed after a verb or adjective and before a complement of degree (ABC 'de' 得 sp; Kroll 2015 '得' 3; NCCED de '得' 1). -
verb
to obtain; to get; to gain; to attain; to win
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: The verb 得 may be used before a noun or pronoun or with a following verb. 得 is used in this sense in both literary and modern Chinese (ABC 'dé' 得 v 1; Giles 1892 '得'; Kroll 2015 '得' 1; NCCED dé '得' 1; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 122). For example, in literary Chinese, 是故君子有大道，必忠信以得之 'Thus we see that the sovereign [junzi] has a great course to pursue. He must show entire self-devotion and sincerity to attain it.' (Book of Rites, Great Learning 禮記‧大學, trans. by Legge 1885) -
adverb
must; ought to
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: (ABC 'děi' 得 aux; NCCED děi '得' 2) -
verb
to want to; to need to
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: (ABC 'děi' 得 v 1; NCCED děi '得' 1) -
auxiliary verb
must; ought to
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: In this sense, 得 is an auxiliary verb expressing obligation. The negative form is 不用 or 不要. It began to be used in this sense from the Tang (ABC 'děi' 得 v 2; NCCED děi '得' 3; Norman 1988, p. 125). -
foreign
de
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Foreign Language
Notes: Used to transliterate foreign names -
infix
infix potential marker
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: 得 is one of the two infixes in Chinese, the other being 不 'not'. For example, 看得见 'can see' and 找得到 'can find' (ABC 'de' 得 infix; Kroll 2015 '得' 2; NCCED de '得' 2; Sun 2006, loc. 728). -
verb
to result in
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: (ABC 'dé' 得 v 2; NCCED dé '得' 9) -
verb
to be proper; to fit; to suit
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: (ABC 'dé' 得 v 3; NCCED dé '得' 4) -
verb
to be satisfied
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: (ABC 'dé' 得 v 4; NCCED dé '得' 5) -
verb
to be finished
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Spoken Language
Notes: (ABC 'dé' 得 v 5; NCCED dé '得' 6) -
particle
result of degree
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words , Concept: Structural Particle 结构助词
Notes: In this use, 得 is a sentence particle used after a verb to show effect or degree (NCCED de '得' 3). For example, 他都知道得清清楚楚 'he knows everything very clearly.' (Ye Shengtao, 1999, p. 6) -
particle
marks completion of an action
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: In this use in spoken Chinese, 得 is a sentence particle used after a verb to show completion of an action (NCCED de '得' 4). -
adjective
satisfying
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: (NCCED děi '得' 4) -
verb
to contract
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: a disease (NCCED dé '得' 2) -
particle
marks permission or possibility
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: (NCCED dé '得' 3) -
particle
expressing frustration
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Spoken Language
Notes: (NCCED dé '得' 8) -
verb
to hear
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: To obtain information by hearing it (Kroll 2015 '得' 1a) -
verb
to have; there is
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: (Kroll 2015 '得' 4) -
verb
marks time passed
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In this sense 得 is used before a time word (Kroll 2015 '得' 5) -
verb
obtain; attain; prāpta
Domain: Buddhism 佛教
Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: prāpta, or: labh, Japanese: toku, Tibetan: thob pa (BCSD '得', p. 446; DJBT '得', p. 434; Mahāvyutpatti 'prāptaḥ'; MW 'prāpta'; SH '得', p. 349)
Contained in
- 逮得己利 having attained their goals
- 得大势(得大勢) Mahāsthāmaprāpta
- 众生随类各得解(眾生隨類各得解) all sentient beings gain comprehension in their own way
- 随求即得陀罗尼(隨求即得陀羅尼) Mahāpratisarā Dharani; Wish-Fulfilling Dharani
- 随求得无能胜陀罗尼(大隨求無能勝陀羅尼) Mahāpratisarā Dharani; Unsurpassed Wish-Fulfilling Dharani
- 未来心不可得(未來心不可得) the mind of the future cannot be obtained
- 无有得者(無有得者) nothing to be obtained
- 一切疫病皆得除愈 all sicknesses will be cured
- 持戒者如闇遇明贫人得宝(持戒者，如闇遇明，貧人得寶) observing the precepts is like finding a light within darkness, or like a poor man finding a precious jewel
- 求不得苦 Not Getting What One Wants; suffering due to not getting what we want
- 四向四得 four directions and four attainments
- 修得性得 cultivated attainment and innate attainment
- 无所得(無所得) nothing to be attained
- 鱼透得龙门(魚透得龍門) a fish passing through the Dragon Gate
- 随求即得大自在陀罗尼神呪经(隨求即得大自在陀羅尼神呪經) Scripture of the Dharani of Wish Fulfillment; Sui Qiu Ji De Da Zizai Tuoluoni Shen Zhou Jing
Also contained in
得意门生 、 赶得上 、 说得上 、 佳人难再得 、 不得 、 得名 、 得意 、 触地得分 、 何以见得 、 抵得 、 不值得 、 用得着 、 得法 、 跑得了和尚，跑不了庙 、 未必见得 、 得意忘形 、 蛟龙得水 、 得不到 、 优游自得 、 丑媳妇早晚也得见公婆 、 彼得后书 、 要风得风，要雨得雨 、 怪不得 、 有得一比 、 禁得 、 得荣 、 必得 、 洋洋得意 、 刚柔皆得 、 征得 、 欧几里得 、 磨得开 、 显得 、 富得流油 、 找得到 、 得无
Word is mentioned most frequently in
Truncated for common words
- Scroll 5 Sarvāstivādavinaya (Shi Song Lu) 十誦律 — count: 593
- Scroll 91 The Large Sūtra on Perfection of Wisdom 大般若波羅蜜多經 — count: 586 , has parallel version
- Scroll 3 Si Fen Lu Shan Fan Bu Que Xingshi Chao 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 — count: 570
- Scroll 2 Si Fen Lu Shan Fan Bu Que Xingshi Chao 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 — count: 569
- Scroll 90 The Large Sūtra on Perfection of Wisdom 大般若波羅蜜多經 — count: 504 , has parallel version
- Scroll 45 The Large Sūtra on Perfection of Wisdom 大般若波羅蜜多經 — count: 499 , has parallel version
- Scroll 52 Sarvāstivādavinaya (Shi Song Lu) 十誦律 — count: 450
- Scroll 4 Notes on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論記 — count: 449
- Scroll 1 Fo Shuo Mulian Wen Jie Lu Zhong Wu Bai Qing Zhong Shi 佛說目連問戒律中五百輕重事 — count: 418
- Scroll 158 Abhidharmamahāvibhāṣaśāstra (Apidamo Dapiposha Lun) 阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論 — count: 417