上 shàng
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noun
top; a high position
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: 上 is the 14th most frequently used word in the Beijing Language Institute's 1985 frequency wordlist (Ho 2002, '上' 2; NCCED '上' shàng 1). -
noun
top; the position on or above something
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: In this sense, 上 usually follows a noun to indicate the position on top of or attached to the object referred to by the noun (Ho 2002, '上' 2; NCCED '上' shang noun). For example, 树枝上 'on tree branches ...' (Lao She, 2003, p. 236) -
verb
to go up; to go forward
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Concept: Direction 方向
Notes: For example, 猫上了树 'a cat climbed up a tree.' (XHN 2015-11-02) (NCCED '上' shàng 7, 8; Ho 2002, '上' 5) -
foreign
shang
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Foreign Language
Notes: Used for the sound in mantras and Sanskrit names -
adjective
previous; last
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Time
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 5; Ho 2002, '上' 8) For example, 上个月 'last month' (VOA, 2015-12-23) and 上周五 'last Friday.' (VOA 2015-07-25) -
adjective
high; higher
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 2; Ho 2002, '上' 1) -
adjective
advanced
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Comparison
Notes: Synonymous with 上级 in this sense (NCCED '上' shàng 4) -
adjective
a monarch; a sovereign
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Comparison
Notes: Synonymous with 君主 in this sense (NCCED '上' shàng 3) -
noun
time
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Time
Notes: Synonymous with 时间 in this sense -
verb
to do something; to do something at a set time; to go to
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Time
Notes: For example, 上班 'go to work' or 上学 'go to school' (NCCED '上' shàng 11; Ho 2002, '上' 7) -
adjective
far
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Synonymous with 远 in this sense -
verb
big; as big as
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 12) -
adjective
abundant; plentiful
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Synonymous with 丰足 in this sense -
verb
to report
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Synonymous with 上报 or 呈报 in this sense (NCCED '上' shàng 9) -
verb
to offer
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: Synonymous with 进献 or 送上 in this sense -
verb
to go on stage
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Drama
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 13) -
verb
to take office; to assume a post
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: Synonymous with 就职 in this sense -
verb
to install; to erect
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: Synonymous with 安装 in this sense -
verb
to suffer; to sustain
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: Synonymous with 陷入 or 遭受 in this sense -
verb
to burn
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: Synonymous with 上火 in this sense -
verb
to remember
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: Synonymous with 上心 in this sense -
preposition
on; in
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: (Ho 2002, '上' 3) -
adverb
upward
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 10) -
verb
to add
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 14) -
verb
to fix; to install; to apply (powder, makeup, etc)
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 16) -
verb
to meet
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 16) -
noun
falling then rising (4th) tone
Domain: Linguistics 语言学
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 26) -
verb
used after a verb indicating a result
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
Notes: (NCCED '上' shang verb) For example, 一切的路都封上了 'all the roads were closed' (Lao She, 2003, p. 175) and 加上 'to add on.' (VOA, 2015-07-25) -
noun
a musical note
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Music
Notes: (NCCED '上' shàng 26) -
adjective
higher, superior; uttara
Domain: Buddhism 佛教
Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: uttara, or: śreṣṭha, Japanese: jou, or: shou, Tibetan: bla ma (BCSD '上', p. 7; Dhammajoti 2013, p. 9; Mahāvyutpatti 'uttaraḥ'; MW 'uttara'; SH '上', p. 55; Unihan '上')
Contained in
- 增上心经(增上心經) Sutra on Removing Distracting Thoughts
- 增上果 adhipatiphala; predominant fruition
- 上首 chief; presiding elders ; foremost; pramukha
- 面上无瞋是供养(面上無瞋是供養) A face without anger is a type of offering.
- 佛说最上意陀罗尼经(佛說最上意陀羅尼經) Viśeṣavatīnamadhāraṇīsūtra; Fo Shuo Zuishang Yi Tuoluoni Jing
- 上品上生 The Top of the Highest Grade
- 五衰相现; 1. 衣服垢秽 2. 头上华萎 3. 腋下出汗 4. 身体臭秽 5. 不乐本座; 小五衰相; 1.乐声不起 2.身光忽灭 3.浴水着身 4.着境不舍 5. 眼目数瞬(五衰相現; 1. 衣服垢穢 2. 頭上華萎 3. 腋下出汗 4. 身體臭穢 5. 不樂本座; 小五衰相; 1.樂聲不起 2.身光忽滅 3.浴水著身 4.著境不捨 5. 眼目數瞬) Five Signs of Decay: 1. Clothes become filthy; 2. Garland atop the head fades; 3. The armpits become sweaty; 4. The body becomes foul-smelling; 5. The heavenly palace appears unpleasant; Five Minor Signs of Decay: 1. The music stops; 2. The body’s radiance fades; 3. Bathwater clings to the body; 4. Attachment to their surroundings; 5. The eyes start blinking
- 于城中法座上说法(於城中法座上說法) seated in the center of town, demonstrate dharma
- 上明寺 Shangming Temple
- 增上慢 conceit; abhimāna
- 无上正觉之心(無上正覺之心) aspiration for unexcelled enlightenment
- 无上道(無上道) supreme path; unsurpassed way
- 村上专精(村上專精) Senshō Murakami
Also contained in
世上人 、 市面上 、 肾上腺皮质 、 跨上 、 发上冲冠 、 上栗 、 上访 、 原则上 、 上弦月 、 上夜 、 无上 、 上官 、 走为上 、 台上一分钟，台下十年功 、 大体上 、 上书 、 送上轨道 、 毛出在羊身上 、 上诉法院 、 往脸上抹黑 、 更上一层楼 、 上将军 、 锦上添花 、 上海 、 比上不足比下有余 、 上半晌 、 晚上好 、 插不上手 、 池上乡 、 上床 、 上川岛 、 纸上争论 、 蹬鼻子上脸 、 半以上 、 锁上 、 上眼睑 、 冰上运动 、 成上
Word is mentioned most frequently in
Truncated for common words
- Scroll 1 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 759
- Scroll 2 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 685
- Scroll 3 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 461
- Scroll 1 Miscellaneous Mantras Sutra (Zhongzhong Za Zhou Jing) 種種雜呪經 — count: 326
- Scroll 20 Record of Buddhist Teachings Compiled During the Kaiyuan Era 開元釋教錄 — count: 292
- Scroll 4 Kuśalamūlasamparigraha (Fo Shuo Hua Shou Jing) 佛說華手經 — count: 262
- Scroll 2 Si Fen Lu Shan Fan Bu Que Xingshi Chao 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 — count: 256
- Scroll 62 The Sounds and Meanings of all the Terms in the Canonical Texts 一切經音義 — count: 252
- Scroll 7 Dharanisamgraha Sutra (Collected Dharanis Sutra) 陀羅尼集經 — count: 234 , has English translation
- Scroll 39 The Sounds and Meanings of all the Terms in the Canonical Texts 一切經音義 — count: 226
Collocations
- 上中 (上中) 上中下善 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 18
- 座上 (座上) 即於座上成阿耨多羅三藐三菩提 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 10
- 讲堂上 (講堂上) 忉利諸天所以集法講堂上者 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 5 — count: 8
- 梵天上 (梵天上) 生梵天上 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 15 — count: 8
- 上虚空 (上虛空) 金輪寶在宮門上虛空中住 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 3 — count: 7
- 忉利天上 (忉利天上) 梵童子於忉利天上說此正法 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 5 — count: 7
- 殿上 (殿上) 昇高殿上 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 3 — count: 7
- 上漏 (上漏) 上漏為患 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 6
- 上远尘离垢 (上遠塵離垢) 八萬四千人即於座上遠塵離垢 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 6
- 绳床上 (繩床上) 坐繩床上 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 11 — count: 5