1. conjunction so as to; in order to
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: In the sense of 因此 (Guoyu '以' conj 3; Rouzer 2007, p. 10; Unihan '以')
  2. preposition to use; to regard as
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: May be used as a coverb in this sense, in a serial verb construction. A second form is 以 A 为 B, 'regard A as B.' (Pulleyblank 1995, p. 49)
  3. verb to use; to grasp
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In Literary Chinese, 以 can be used as a main verb, 以 is a transitive verb with two objects. In this use, it has the form '以 A B', which means 'use A to do B'. It can also take the form 'B 以 A', which means the same thing. The object A is the instrument by which the action B is performed. For example, 杀人以梃 'to kill a person using a club.' (Guoyu '以' v 1; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 47, quote from Meng 1A/4)
  4. preposition according to
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: In the sense of 按 (Guoyu '以' prep 2)
  5. preposition because of
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: In the sense of 因为; may also be thought of as a coverb when used in this sense in Literary Chinese (Guoyu '以' prep. 1; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 162)
  6. preposition on a certain date
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
  7. conjunction and; as well as
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: (Guoyu '以' conj 4)
  8. verb to rely on
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 仰赖 (Guoyu '以' v 2)
  9. verb to regard
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 认为 (Guoyu '以' v 3)
  10. verb to be able to
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 能够 (Guoyu '以' v 4)
  11. verb to order; to command
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 令 (Guoyu '以' v 5)
  12. conjunction further; moreover
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: In the sense of 而 or 且 (Guoyu '以' conj 1)
  13. auxiliary verb used after a verb
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: In this usage 以 is placed after a verb without meaning (Guoyu '以' aux)
  14. adverb very
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: In this usage 以 is an adverb with the same meaning 太 or 甚 (Guoyu '以' aux)
  15. adverb already
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: In the sense of 已经 (Guoyu '以' aux)
  16. adverb increasingly
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Function Words
    Notes: In the sense of 愈益 (Guoyu '以' aux)
  17. noun a reason; a cause
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
    Notes: In the sense of 缘故 (Guoyu '以' n 1)
  18. proper noun Israel
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Asia , Concept: Country 国家
    Notes: An abbreviation for 以色列 (Guoyu '以' n 2)
  19. proper noun Yi
    Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Names , Concept: Surname 姓氏
    Notes: (Guoyu '以' n 3)
  20. noun use; yogena
    Domain: Buddhism 佛教
    Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: yogena (BCSD '以', p. 102; MW 'yogena')

Contained in

Also contained in

忘乎所以以邻为壑孜孜以求自今以来以貌取人以示警戒不以为然欺以其方足以衰之以属师夷长技以制夷以和为贵加以以至授人以柄数以千计以求借以失之毫厘,谬以千里万邦以贞不以词害志以此以军赖以以人废言以眦睚杀人何以言之可以以其人之道,还治其人之身失之毫厘,差以千里授人以鱼不如授人以渔不知所以以夷制夷以利亚以仁惠镌喻物以类聚,人以群分交换以太网络

Word is mentioned most frequently in

Truncated for common words

  • Scroll 2 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 756
  • Scroll 1 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 569
  • Scroll 5 Zhi Guan Fu Xing Chuan Hong Jue 止觀輔行傳弘決 — count: 535
  • Scroll 3 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 477
  • Scroll 1 Zhi Guan Fu Xing Chuan Hong Jue 止觀輔行傳弘決 — count: 398
  • Scroll 2 Si Fen Lu Shan Fan Bu Que Xingshi Chao 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 — count: 393
  • Scroll 3 Shi Shi Ji Gu Lue 釋氏稽古略 — count: 379
  • Scroll 3 Zhi Guan Fu Xing Chuan Hong Jue 止觀輔行傳弘決 — count: 374
  • Scroll 1 Shi Shi Ji Gu Lue 釋氏稽古略 — count: 371
  • Scroll 3 Si Fen Lu Shan Fan Bu Que Xingshi Chao 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 — count: 369