难 (難) nán

1. nán adjective difficult; arduous; hard
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Comparison
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 1; NCCED '難' nán 1; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 42; Unihan '難').
2. nán verb to put someone in a difficult position; to have difficulty
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (NCCED '難' nán 2)
3. nán adjective hardly possible; unable
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 1; NCCED '難' nán 3; Unihan '難')
4. nàn noun disaster; calamity
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Disaster
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 1; NCCED '難' nàn 1)
5. nàn noun enemy; foe
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 2)
6. nán adjective bad; unpleasant
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 2; NCCED '難' nán 4)
7. nàn verb to blame; to rebuke
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3b; NCCED '難' nàn 2)
8. nàn verb to object to; to argue against
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3)
9. nàn verb to reject; to repudiate
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3a)
10. nán adjective inopportune; aksana
    Domain: Buddhism 佛教
    Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: akṣaṇa (BCSD '難', p. 1238; MW 'akṣaṇa')

Contained in

• 八难; 1. 在地狱难 2. 在饿鬼难 3. 在畜生难 4. 在长寿天难 5. 在边地之郁单越难 6. 盲聋瘖哑难 7. 世智辩聪难 8. 生在佛前佛后难(八難; 1. 在地獄難 2. 在餓鬼難 3. 在畜生難 4. 在長壽天難 5. 在邊地之鬱單越難 6. 盲聾瘖啞難 7. 世智辯聰難 8. 生在佛前佛後難) Eight Difficulties: 1. Hell; 2. The Realm of Hungry Ghosts; 3. The Animal Realm; 4. The Long-life Heaven; 5. The Excellent Continent; 6. Physical and Mental Disability; 7. Birth as a Philosopher; 8. Birth Between Buddhas
• 名利看不破 道德难增长 私情放不下 事功难建立(名利看不破 道德難增長 私情放不下 事功難建立) One cannot grow morally without seeing beyond fame and gain; One cannot be accomplished without transcending personal matters.
• 八难速令解脱(八難速令解脫) swiftly lead to liberation from the eight difficulties
• 难思(難思) hard to believe; incredible
• 泥菩萨过江，自身难保(泥菩薩過江，自身難保) like a clay Bodhisattva fording a river, can't guarantee his own safety ; like a clay bodhisattva fording the river, even his own safety is jeopardized
• 除诸恶难救度(除諸惡難救度) Khadiravani Tara
• 世人二十苦 忍者苦口难言 愚者苦海无边 病者苦不堪言 盲者苦于无光 佞者苦心积虑 孤者苦无照顾 老者苦有代沟 贪者苦求无着 贫者苦雨淒风 邪者苦事无穷 犯者苦陷牢狱 恶者苦果必然 业者苦心经营 师者苦口婆心 达者苦中有乐 勇者苦忍有力 学者苦心研究 勤者苦尽甘来 智者苦能转乐 仁者苦节飘香(世人二十苦 忍者苦口難言 愚者苦海無邊 病者苦不堪言 盲者苦於無光 佞者苦心積慮 孤者苦無照顧 老者苦有代溝 貪者苦求無著 貧者苦雨淒風 邪者苦事無窮 犯者苦陷牢獄 惡者苦果必然 業者苦心經營 師者苦口婆心 達者苦中有樂 勇者苦忍有力 學者苦心研究 勤者苦盡甘來 智者苦能轉樂 仁者苦節飄香) Twenty Pains of Life One who endures finds the pain indescribable. One who is ignorant is trapped in the abyss of suffering. One who is sick is in unspeakable pain. One who is blind is blocked from rays of light. One who is wicked is chained by painstaking plot. One who is in solitude is threatened by loneliness. One who is old is isolated by generation gaps. One who is greedy is deprived of freedom. One who is poor is desolated by rain and cold. One who is evil is trapped in endless suffering. One who is convicted is locked behind bars. One who is unwholesome will never escape suffering. One who is in business is entangled by the tediousness of management. One who is the teacher is willing to advise earnestly and kindly. One who is skillful is able to find joy in hardship. One who is brave has the power to end suffering. One who is well learned is able to commit to his research. One who is diligent can put an end to hardship. One who is wise can turn suffering into happiness. One who is benevolent will leave behind a good name.
• 第十七祖僧伽难提(第十七祖僧伽難提) the Seventeenth Patriarch, Sanghanandi
• 免灾难(免災難) free from disasters and calamities
• 赵州至道无难(趙州至道無難) Zhao Zhou Says the Ultimate Way is without Difficulty
• 难努(難努) Nanda
• 拔难陀(拔難陀) Upananda
• 实叉难陀(實叉難陀) Śiksānanda; Siksananda
• 优婆难陀(優婆難陀) Upananda

Also contained in

罄笔难书 、 发难 、 曾经沧海难为水，除却巫山不是云 、 民于难 、 进退两难 、 临难苟免 、 自身难保 、 难闻 、 吞咽困难 、 救难 、 疑难解答 、 难不成 、 阎王好见，小鬼难当 、 攻坚克难 、 难看 、 高难 、 孤掌难鸣 、 落落难合 、 难忘 、 难于登天 、 难住 、 受难纪念 、 桀骜难驯 、 阻难 、 难兄难弟 、 难解难分 、 矿难 、 毁家纾难 、 强人所难 、 劫难 、 百般刁难 、 死难者 、 难得 、 辗转难忘 、 犯难 、 避难 、 排除万难

Word is mentioned most frequently in

Truncated for common words

• Scroll 1 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 256
• Scroll 1 Tarkaśāstra (Rushi Lun) 如實論 — count: 252
• Scroll 8 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 210
• Scroll 2 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 188
• Scroll 7 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 187
• Scroll 2 Commentary on the Hundred Treatise 百論疏 — count: 172
• Scroll 2 Notes on the Viṁśatikāvṛtti 成唯識論述記 — count: 171
• Scroll 1 Si Fen Lu Shan Fan Bu Que Xingshi Chao 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 — count: 146
• Scroll 19 Fahua Xuan Yi Shi Qian 法華玄義釋籤 — count: 144
• Scroll 9 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 141

Collocations

• 难可 (難可) 七寶難可獲 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 14
• 难舍 (難捨) 難捨慳因緣令有家 — Sutra on the Conditions for Desire and Rebirth (Ren Ben Yu Sheng Jing) 人本欲生經, Scroll 1 — count: 10
• 悭难 (慳難) 寧當有慳難捨不 — Sutra on the Conditions for Desire and Rebirth (Ren Ben Yu Sheng Jing) 人本欲生經, Scroll 1 — count: 8
• 难知 (難知) 倍復難知 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 6
• 难值 (難值) 佛世難值 — Nirvāṇa Sūtra 佛般泥洹經, Scroll 2 — count: 6
• 难及 (難及) 飛行皇帝有四難及之德 — Nirvāṇa Sūtra 佛般泥洹經, Scroll 2 — count: 5
• 难头 (難頭) 十名難頭 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 20 — count: 5
• 难见 (難見) 難見難識知 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 5
• 难忍 (難忍) 眾痛難忍 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 19 — count: 5
• 难降伏 (難降伏) 竪純青色難降伏幡 — Beginning of the World (Qi Shi Jing) 起世經, Scroll 8 — count: 5