难 (難) nán

1. nán adjective difficult; arduous; hard
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Comparison
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 1; NCCED '難' nán 1; Pulleyblank 1995, p. 42; Unihan '難').
2. nán verb to put someone in a difficult position; to have difficulty
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (NCCED '難' nán 2)
3. nán adjective hardly possible; unable
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 1; NCCED '難' nán 3; Unihan '難')
4. nàn noun disaster; calamity
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 1; NCCED '難' nàn 1)
5. nàn noun enemy; foe
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 2)
6. nán adjective bad; unpleasant
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nán 2; NCCED '難' nán 4)
7. nàn verb to blame; to rebuke
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3b; NCCED '難' nàn 2)
8. nàn verb to object to; to argue against
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3)
9. nàn verb to reject; to repudiate
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: (Kroll 2015 '難' nàn 3a)
10. nán adjective inopportune; aksana
    Domain: Buddhism 佛教
    Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: akṣaṇa, or: pratibandha, Japanese: nan (BCSD '難', p. 1238; Mahāvyutpatti 'pratibandhaḥ'; MW 'akṣaṇa'; Unihan '難')

Contained in

• 人生二十笑 (二) 误会时洒脱一笑 展现人生的修为 分手时优雅一笑 展现人生的大气 生疏时亲切一笑 展现人生的随和 难堪时转念一笑 展现人生的睿智 羞愧时大方一笑 展现人生的率真 生病时达观一笑 展现人生的态度 苦恼时开怀一笑 展现人生的气度 紧张时天真一笑 展现人生的直率 受骗时开朗一笑 展现人生的坦荡 得意时含蓄一笑 展现人生的谦卑(人生二十笑 (二) 誤會時灑脫一笑 展現人生的修為 分手時優雅一笑 展現人生的大氣 生疏時親切一笑 展現人生的隨和 難堪時轉念一笑 展現人生的睿智 羞愧時大方一笑 展現人生的率真 生病時達觀一笑 展現人生的態度 苦惱時開懷一笑 展現人生的氣度 緊張時天真一笑 展現人生的直率 受騙時開朗一笑 展現人生的坦蕩 得意時含蓄一笑 展現人生的謙卑) Twenty Reasons to Laugh (2) A carefree smile in times of misunderstanding is a demonstration of one's deportment. An elegant smile in times of a breakup is a demonstration of one's manner. An amiable smile in times of estrangement is a demonstration of one's friendliness. A hopeful smile in times of sorrow is a demonstration of one's cleverness. A gracious smile in times of shame is a demonstration of one's ingenuousness. An optimistic smile in times of ailment is a demonstration of one's attitude. A happy smile in times of distress is a demonstration of one's comportment. An honest smile in times of nervousness is a demonstration of one's frankness. A warm smile in times of deceit is a demonstration of one's clear conscience. A reserved smile in times of triumph is a demonstration of one's humbleness.
• 九难(九難) nine afflictions
• 优婆难陀(優婆難陀) Upananda
• 难信(難信) hard to believe
• 生在佛前佛后难(生在佛前佛後難) Birth Between Buddhas
• 第十七祖僧伽难提(第十七祖僧伽難提) the Seventeenth Patriarch, Sanghanandi
• 实叉难陀(實叉難陀) Śiksānanda; Siksananda
• 酸陀难提(酸陀難提) Sundarī
• 越难长者经(越難長者經) Yuenan Zhangzhe Jing
• 孙陀罗难陀(孫陀羅難陀) Sundarananda; Sunanda
• 父母恩重难报经(父母恩重難报經) The Sutra about The Parents' Deep Kindness and The Difficulty in Repaying It
• 难近母(難近母) Durga
• 难信难解(難信難解) hard to believe and hard to understand
• 迴伏难(迴伏難) the misfortune of a whirlpool; the misfortune of Saṃsāra
• 譬喻问号(一) 黄金似蛇蝎， 有毒无毒？ 恶口似粪坑， 是香是臭？ 冷淡似寒冰， 是凉是热？ 瞋恚似烈火， 可怕不怕？ 信心似禾苗， 是长是消？ 罪恶似臭水， 难闻好闻？ 正见似盔甲， 是安不安？ 忏悔似净水， 是清是染？ 忍辱似盾牌， 有用无用？ 知足似乐园， 好看难看？(譬喻問號(一) 黃金似蛇蠍， 有毒無毒？ 惡口似糞坑， 是香是臭？ 冷淡似寒冰， 是涼是熱？ 瞋恚似烈火， 可怕不怕？ 信心似禾苗， 是長是消？ 罪惡似臭水， 難聞好聞？ 正見似盔甲， 是安不安？ 懺悔似淨水， 是清是染？ 忍辱似盾牌， 有用無用？ 知足似樂園， 好看難看？) Metaphors (1) Gold is a snake. Is it poisonous or not? Harsh speech is a cesspit. Is it fragrant or odorous? Coldness is ice. Does it freeze or burn? Anger is burning fire. Is it frightening or not? Faith is a sprout. Does it grow or wilt? Transgression is stinky water. Does it smell good or bad? Right view is an armor. Is it safe or not? Repentance is purifying water. Is it clean or polluted? Patience is a shield. Does it protect or not? Contentment is paradise. Is it beautiful or ugly?
• 难努(難努) Nanda
• 心到谦时能受益 事非经过不知难(心到謙時能受益 事非經過不知難) A mind in a state of humbleness is largely at a gain; The Truth after the experience is not difficult to grasp.

Also contained in

奢入俭难 、 急人之难 、 艰难险阻 、 艰难创业 、 难懂 、 难免 、 人心难测 、 苦难 、 难以实现 、 寸步难行 、 难经 、 难度 、 靖难之役 、 万难 、 难伺候 、 难为情 、 百般刁难 、 厄难 、 政治避难 、 避难 、 罄笔难书 、 受难者 、 难住 、 积重难返 、 难吃 、 难忘 、 难保 、 难上加难 、 一言难尽 、 难民营 、 落难 、 擢发难数 、 疑难解答 、 隐秘难言

Word is mentioned most frequently in

Truncated for common words

• Scroll 1 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 256
• Scroll 1 Tarkaśāstra (Rushi Lun) 如實論 — count: 252
• Scroll 8 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 210
• Scroll 2 Si Fen Lu Xingshi Chao Zi Chi Ji 四分律行事鈔資持記 — count: 188
• Scroll 7 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 187
• Scroll 2 Commentary on the Hundred Treatise 百論疏 — count: 171
• Scroll 2 Notes on the Viṁśatikāvṛtti 成唯識論述記 — count: 171
• Scroll 1 Si Fen Lu Shan Fan Bu Que Xingshi Chao 四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 — count: 146
• Scroll 19 Fahua Xuan Yi Shi Qian 法華玄義釋籤 — count: 144
• Scroll 4 Notes on the Viṁśatikāvṛtti 成唯識論述記 — count: 141

Collocations

• 难可 (難可) 七寶難可獲 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 14
• 难舍 (難捨) 難捨慳因緣令有家 — Sutra on the Conditions for Desire and Rebirth (Ren Ben Yu Sheng Jing) 人本欲生經, Scroll 1 — count: 10
• 悭难 (慳難) 寧當有慳難捨不 — Sutra on the Conditions for Desire and Rebirth (Ren Ben Yu Sheng Jing) 人本欲生經, Scroll 1 — count: 8
• 难值 (難值) 佛世難值 — Nirvāṇa Sūtra 佛般泥洹經, Scroll 2 — count: 6
• 难知 (難知) 倍復難知 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 6
• 难及 (難及) 飛行皇帝有四難及之德 — Nirvāṇa Sūtra 佛般泥洹經, Scroll 2 — count: 5
• 难降伏 (難降伏) 竪純青色難降伏幡 — Beginning of the World (Qi Shi Jing) 起世經, Scroll 8 — count: 5
• 难头 (難頭) 十名難頭 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 20 — count: 5
• 难见 (難見) 難見難識知 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 5
• 难忍 (難忍) 眾痛難忍 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 19 — count: 5