苦 kǔ

1. kǔ noun bitterness; bitter flavor
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Food and Drink , Concept: Flavor 味道
   Notes: One of the 五味 'five flavors', the opposite of 甜 'sweetness' (Guoyu '苦' n 1)
2. kǔ noun hardship; suffering
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: For example, the idiom 苦中作乐 'to enjoy in spite of hardship' (Guoyu '苦' n 2; Unihan '苦')
3. kǔ verb to make things difficult for
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 受累 or 为难 (Guoyu '苦' v 1)
4. kǔ verb to train; to practice
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 磨鍊 (Guoyu '苦' v 2)
5. kǔ verb to suffer from a misfortune
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 患 (Guoyu '苦' v 3)
6. kǔ adjective bitter
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Food and Drink
   Notes: (Guoyu '苦' adj 1; Unihan '苦')
7. kǔ adjective grieved; facing hardship
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 艰辛; for example, 苦日子 'hard times' (Guoyu '苦' adj 2)
8. kǔ adjective in low spirits; depressed
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 愁闷; for example, 愁眉苦脸 'to look anxious' (Guoyu '苦' adj 3)
9. kǔ adverb assiduously; to do one's best; to strive as much as possible
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 尽力 (Guoyu '苦' adv; Han Dian '苦' adj 7)
10. kǔ adjective painful
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 痛 (Han Dian '苦' adj 4)
11. kǔ noun suffering; duḥkha; dukkha
    Domain: Buddhism 佛教
    Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: duḥkha, Pali: dukkha, Japanese: ku; Tibetan: sdug bsngal. Duḥkha is the unsatisfactory nature inherent in all conditioned phenomena. 苦諦 'The truth of suffering' is the first of the 四聖諦 'four noble truths,' a fundamental teaching of Buddhism (BCSD '苦', p. 1011; BL 'duḥkha', p. 270-271; FGDB '苦')

Contained in

• 三苦 three kinds of suffering
• 非爱会苦(非愛會苦) suffering of having to meet the hateful
• 六苦行外道 six ascetic schools
• 世人二十苦 忍者苦口难言 愚者苦海无边 病者苦不堪言 盲者苦于无光 佞者苦心积虑 孤者苦无照顾 老者苦有代沟 贪者苦求无着 贫者苦雨淒风 邪者苦事无穷 犯者苦陷牢狱 恶者苦果必然 业者苦心经营 师者苦口婆心 达者苦中有乐 勇者苦忍有力 学者苦心研究 勤者苦尽甘来 智者苦能转乐 仁者苦节飘香(世人二十苦 忍者苦口難言 愚者苦海無邊 病者苦不堪言 盲者苦於無光 佞者苦心積慮 孤者苦無照顧 老者苦有代溝 貪者苦求無著 貧者苦雨淒風 邪者苦事無窮 犯者苦陷牢獄 惡者苦果必然 業者苦心經營 師者苦口婆心 達者苦中有樂 勇者苦忍有力 學者苦心研究 勤者苦盡甘來 智者苦能轉樂 仁者苦節飄香) Twenty Pains of Life One who endures finds the pain indescribable. One who is ignorant is trapped in the abyss of suffering. One who is sick is in unspeakable pain. One who is blind is blocked from rays of light. One who is wicked is chained by painstaking plot. One who is in solitude is threatened by loneliness. One who is old is isolated by generation gaps. One who is greedy is deprived of freedom. One who is poor is desolated by rain and cold. One who is evil is trapped in endless suffering. One who is convicted is locked behind bars. One who is unwholesome will never escape suffering. One who is in business is entangled by the tediousness of management. One who is the teacher is willing to advise earnestly and kindly. One who is skillful is able to find joy in hardship. One who is brave has the power to end suffering. One who is well learned is able to commit to his research. One who is diligent can put an end to hardship. One who is wise can turn suffering into happiness. One who is benevolent will leave behind a good name.
• 苦谛(苦諦) the truth of suffering; the noble truth of the existence of suffering
• 无常苦空(無常苦空) impermanence
• 不苦不乐痛(不苦不樂痛) sensation of freedom from pleasure and pain; sensation of indifference to pleasure and pain
• 人生诸苦 悭贪之人伶仃孤苦 挥霍之人求不得苦 懒惰之人千辛万苦 矫情之人嘴甜心苦 麻木之人不知甘苦 执着之人放不下苦 瞋恨之人怨憎会苦 五逆之人倒悬悲苦 风尘之人内心痛苦 流浪之人颠波泪苦 边疆之人穷困辛苦 军中之人战斗累苦 病亡之人爱别离苦 乞讨之人淒凉哀苦 创业之人备尝辛苦 发心之人不辞劳苦 养育之人含辛茹苦 情义之人同甘共苦 勤奋之人不以为苦 慈悲之人喜乐拔苦 喜舍之人济贫救苦 积善之人无有众苦(人生諸苦 慳貪之人伶仃孤苦 揮霍之人求不得苦 懶惰之人千辛萬苦 矯情之人嘴甜心苦 麻木之人不知甘苦 執著之人放不下苦 瞋恨之人怨憎會苦 五逆之人倒懸悲苦 風塵之人內心痛苦 流浪之人顛波淚苦 邊疆之人窮困辛苦 軍中之人戰鬥累苦 病亡之人愛別離苦 乞討之人淒涼哀苦 創業之人備嘗辛苦 發心之人不辭勞苦 養育之人含辛茹苦 情義之人同甘共苦 勤奮之人不以為苦 慈悲之人喜樂拔苦 喜捨之人濟貧救苦 積善之人無有眾苦) The Pains of Life Stinginess and greed cause the pain of loneliness. Extravagance causes the pain of discontent. Laziness causes the pain of hardship. Pretentiousness causes the pain of insincerity. Nonchalance causes the pain of apathy. Stubbornness causes the pain of attachment. Anger causes the pain of unpleasant meetings. The Five Offenses cause the pain of being born as an animal. Prostitution bears the pain of unspeakable torment. Vagrancy causes the pain of displacement. Being on the outlying areas bears the pain of destitution. Being a soldier suffers the pain of battle. Sickness and death suffer the pain of separation from loved ones. Beggardom suffers the pain of desolation. Entrepreneurship suffers the pain of toil and fatigue. Aspiration keeps one immune to painstaking effort. Parents willingly endure the hardships of raising a child. Righteous and loyal ones partake in each other's pains and joys. Diligence keeps one insusceptible to hardship. Compassion relieves others from pain by giving them joy and happiness. Generosity helps those in pain of being poor and needy. Good deeds keep one free from all forms of pain.
• 苦习尽欲道为真谛(苦習盡欲道為真諦) the noble truth of the way of practice leading to the cessation of stress
• 多欲为苦(多欲為苦) greater desire leads to suffering
• 皆苦乐相间(皆苦樂相間) suffering and joy follow each another
• 能灭诸苦救度(能滅諸苦救度) Duhkhadahana Tara
• 苦为真谛(苦為真諦) the noble truth of stress
• 三苦所逼故 Because of the torment of the threefold suffering
• 若人自作苦 if suffering is made by persons themselves
• 处难处之人 任难任之事 行难行之道 忍难忍之苦(處難處之人 任難任之事 行難行之道 忍難忍之苦) Befriend the unfriendly, Do the undoable, Tread the untreadable, Endure the unendurable.
• 照见五蕴皆空 能度一切苦厄(照見五蘊皆空 能度一切苦厄) Upon seeing that the Five Skandhas are empty; One can thus overcome all ills and suffering.
• 六种苦行外道(六種苦行外道) six ascetic schools
• 苦由习真谛(苦由習真諦) the noble truth of the origination of stress
• 老苦 Old Age; suffering due to old age
• 苦灭谛(苦滅諦) the noble truth of the extinction of suffering
• 趣苦灭道圣谛(趣苦滅道聖諦) the noble truth of the way to extinction of suffering is the noble eightfold path

Also contained in

苦笑 、 苦菊 、 苦胆 、 痛疾哀苦 、 苦役 、 坚苦 、 苦行赎罪 、 辛辛苦苦 、 同甘苦 、 苦劳 、 用心良苦 、 苦工 、 苦命 、 不胜其苦 、 苦肉计 、 小洞不堵，大洞吃苦 、 煞费苦心 、 冥思苦想 、 苦荬菜 、 脱离苦海 、 苦行者 、 倒悬之苦 、 叫苦 、 苦趣 、 贫苦 、 白胸苦恶鸟 、 孤苦无依 、 勤奋刻苦 、 辛苦

Word is mentioned most frequently in

Truncated for common words

• Scroll 16 Abhidharmajñānaprasthānaśāstra (Apidamo Fa Zhi Zu Lun) 阿毘達磨發智論 — count: 308
• Scroll 5 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 240
• Scroll 44 Yogācāryabhūmiśāstra (Yujia Shi Di Lun) 瑜伽師地論 — count: 179
• Scroll 22 Notes on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論記 — count: 169
• Scroll 15 Xian Yang Shengjiao Lun 顯揚聖教論 — count: 163
• Scroll 22 Commentary on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論疏 — count: 160
• Scroll 24 Abhidharmajñānaprasthānaśāstra (Apitan Ba Jiandu Lun) 阿毘曇八犍度論 — count: 159
• Scroll 6 Satyasiddhiśāstra (Cheng Shi Lun / Treatise of Establishing Reality) 成實論 — count: 157
• Scroll 7 Bodhisattvabhūmi (Pusa Xing Chi Jing) 菩薩地持經 — count: 151
• Scroll 58 Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra (Sutra of the Right Mindfulness of Dharma) 正法念處經 — count: 145

Collocations

• 苦不乐 (苦不樂) 不苦不樂 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 4 — count: 11
• 苦阴 (苦陰) 緣此苦陰 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 8
• 大苦 (大苦) 是為此大苦陰緣 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 10 — count: 7
• 苦想 (苦想) 六者無常苦想 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 6
• 咸苦 (鹹苦) 海水鹹苦有三因緣 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 21 — count: 6
• 忧悲苦 (憂悲苦) 憂悲苦不如意惱 — Nirvāṇa Sūtra 佛般泥洹經, Scroll 1 — count: 5
• 无常苦 (無常苦) 六者無常苦想 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 5
• 见苦 (見苦) 不能見苦 — Reciting in Concert (Daji Famen Jing) 大集法門經, Scroll 2 — count: 5
• 苦报 (苦報) 煩惱苦報墮三惡道 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 6 — count: 5
• 丛林苦 (叢林苦) 何等出叢林苦 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 4 — count: 4