苦 kǔ

1. kǔ noun bitterness / bitter flavor
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Food and Drink , Concept: Flavor 味道
   Notes: One of the 五味 'five flavors', the opposite of 甜 'sweetness' (Guoyu '苦' n 1)
2. kǔ noun hardship / suffering
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Emotion
   Notes: For example, the idiom 苦中作乐 'to enjoy in spite of hardship' (Guoyu '苦' n 2; Unihan '苦')
3. kǔ verb to make things difficult for
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 受累 or 为难 (Guoyu '苦' v 1)
4. kǔ noun sorrow / duḥkha / dukkha / suffering
   Domain: Buddhism 佛教
   Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: duḥkha, Pāli: dukkha, Japanese: ku; Tibetan: sdug bsngal. Duḥkha is the unsatisfactory nature inherent in all conditioned phenomena. 苦諦 'The truth of suffering' is the first of the 四聖諦 'four noble truths,' a fundamental teaching of Buddhism (BL 'duḥkha', p. 270-271; FGDB '苦'); FGS translation standard: Sorrow
5. kǔ verb to train / to practice
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 磨鍊 (Guoyu '苦' v 2)
6. kǔ verb to suffer from a misfortune
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 患 (Guoyu '苦' v 3)
7. kǔ adjective bitter
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Food and Drink
   Notes: (Guoyu '苦' adj 1; Unihan '苦')
8. kǔ adjective grieved / facing hardship
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 艰辛; for example, 苦日子 'hard times' (Guoyu '苦' adj 2)
9. kǔ adjective in low spirits / depressed
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 愁闷; for example, 愁眉苦脸 'to look anxious' (Guoyu '苦' adj 3)
10. kǔ adverb assiduously / to do one's best / to strive as much as possible
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 尽力 (Guoyu '苦' adv; Han Dian '苦' adj 7)
11. kǔ adjective painful
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 痛 (Han Dian '苦' adj 4)

Contained in

• 一切苦 all difficulty
• 心中烦恼无明即地狱 心中菩提正见即天堂 心中忧悲苦恼是娑婆 心中安乐幸福是净土(心中煩惱無明即地獄 心中菩提正見即天堂 心中憂悲苦惱是娑婆 心中安樂幸福是淨土) Affliction and ignorance take one to hell. Bodhi and right view take one to heaven. Sadness, sorrow, trouble, and affliction take one to the Saha World. Happiness, peace, and joy take one to the Pure Land.
• 苦苦 suffering from external circumstances
• 八苦 Eight Kinds of Suffering / the eight distresses
• 苦修悟道 austerity or enlightenment
• 受戒容易守戒难 发心容易恒心难 忍苦容易忍气难 尊上容易尊下难 共无容易共有难 依人容易依法难 依神容易依佛难 为己容易为人难 信道容易行道难 处閒容易处众难(受戒容易守戒難 發心容易恆心難 忍苦容易忍氣難 尊上容易尊下難 共無容易共有難 依人容易依法難 依神容易依佛難 為己容易為人難 信道容易行道難 處閒容易處眾難) Easy it is to take the precepts but harder to observe them. Easy it is to have aspirations but harder to persevere. Easy it is to endure suffering but harder to tolerate being wronged. Easy it is to respect one's superiors but harder to respect one's subordinates. Easy it is to accept loss but harder to share profits. Easy it is to rely on people but harder to rely on the Dharma. Easy it is to rely on the gods but harder to rely on the Buddha. Easy it is for the lesser good but harder for the greater good. Easy it is to believe but harder to practice. Easy it is to be at leisure but harder to be with people.
• 拔苦 Relieve suffering
• 众苦(眾苦) all suffering
• 业系苦相(業繫苦相) the aspect of suffering from karmic connections
• 自化作苦经(自化作苦經) Sutra on Self Induced Suffering
• 心的功用 闹时练心安静自在 独时慎心不可妄为 乱时定心集中精神 怒时忍心没有差错 伤时疗心恢复健康 劳时专心工作易成 苦时转心化苦为乐 错时改心必能成功 迷时悟心回归正道 妄时真心迷途知返 静时养心禅修增上 坐时观心能知得失 立时守心思前想后 行时小心安全第一 言时留心说话谨慎 学时省心容易成就 动时稳心不会冒失 做时用心易达目标 富时舍心推己及人 睡时放心身心安然(心的功用 鬧時練心安靜自在 獨時慎心不可妄為 亂時定心集中精神 怒時忍心沒有差錯 傷時療心恢復健康 勞時專心工作易成 苦時轉心化苦為樂 錯時改心必能成功 迷時悟心回歸正道 妄時真心迷途知返 靜時養心禪修增上 坐時觀心能知得失 立時守心思前想後 行時小心安全第一 言時留心說話謹慎 學時省心容易成就 動時穩心不會冒失 做時用心易達目標 富時捨心推己及人 睡時放心身心安然) The Mind in Function Train the mind in moments of clamor, remain calm and at ease. Caution the mind in moments of solitude, refrain from thoughtless actions. Concentrate the mind in moments of chaos, stay in focus. Withhold the mind in moments of anger, do not take any wrong steps. Recuperate the mind in moments of hurt, regain good health. Commit the mind in moments of hard work, goals will be accomplished. Transform the mind in moments of pain, turn it into joy. Amend the mind in moments of fault, success is within reach. Awaken the mind in moments of ignorance, return to the righteous path. Keep the mind genuine in moments of confusion, don't stay astray. Nurture the mind in moments of quietude, improve your meditative skills. Contemplate the mind in moments of meditation, remain aware of your gains and losses. Guard the mind in moments of success, be cautious with every step. Alert the mind in moments of motion, safety comes first. Admonish the mind in moments of speaking, be careful with your words. Reflect on the mind in moments of learning, achievement are within reach. Steady the mind in moments of action, don't do anything abrupt. Attend to the mind in moments of work, goals are possible. Let go of the mind in moments of wealth, put yourself in others' shoes. Rest the mind in moments of sleep, gain mental and physical peace.
• 罪苦 suffering caused by one's own wrongdoing
• 五苦经(五苦經) Suffering in the Five Realms
• 苦痛 the sensation of pain
• 勤苦 devoted and suffering
• 苦谛(苦諦) the truth of suffering / the noble truth of the existence of suffering
• 苦海无边，回头是岸(苦海無邊，回頭是岸) The sea of bitterness has no bounds, turn your head to see the shore . Only Buddhist enlightenment can allow one to shed off the abyss of worldly suffering. ; the ocean of suffering is boundless; only by turning back can one reach salvation
• 三苦 three kinds of suffering
• 苦集 coming together / collection / multitude
• 诸天五苦经(諸天五苦經) Suffering in the Five Realms
• 苦出要谛(苦出要諦) the noble truth of the way to extinction of suffering is the noble eightfold path
• 五蕴炽盛苦(五蘊熾盛苦) suffering due to the five aggregates
• 苦果 suffering as a karmic result ; Effects of Suffering
• 苦尽谛(苦盡諦) the noble truth of the extinction of suffering

Also contained in

苦尽甘来 、 自苦 、 酸甜苦辣 、 小洞不堵，大洞受苦 、 倒苦水 、 辛辛苦苦 、 劳苦功高 、 哀哀痛苦 、 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人 、 良工心苦 、 苦大仇深 、 哑巴吃黄连，有苦说不出 、 忆苦饭 、 刻苦钻研 、 苦日子 、 苦因 、 愁苦 、 小洞不堵，大洞吃苦 、 煞费苦心 、 苦胆 、 苦役 、 苦思冥想 、 苦笑 、 苦精 、 吃苦 、 自讨苦吃 、 苦不唧儿

Word is mentioned most frequently in

Truncated for common words

• Scroll 16 Abhidharmajñānaprasthānaśāstra (Apidamo Fa Zhi Zu Lun) 阿毘達磨發智論 — count: 308
• Scroll 5 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 242
• Scroll 44 Yogācāryabhūmiśāstra (Yujia Shi Di Lun) 瑜伽師地論 — count: 180
• Scroll 22 Notes on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論記 — count: 169
• Scroll 15 Xian Yang Shengjiao Lun 顯揚聖教論 — count: 163
• Scroll 22 Commentary on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論疏 — count: 160
• Scroll 24 Abhidharmajñānaprasthānaśāstra (Apitan Ba Jiandu Lun) 阿毘曇八犍度論 — count: 159
• Scroll 6 Satyasiddhiśāstra (Cheng Shi Lun / Treatise of Establishing Reality) 成實論 — count: 157
• Scroll 7 Bodhisattvabhūmi (Pusa Xing Chi Jing) 菩薩地持經 — count: 154
• Scroll 1 Catuḥsatyaśāstra (Si Di Lun) 四諦論 — count: 148

Collocations

• 苦不乐 (苦不樂) 不苦不樂 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 4 — count: 11
• 苦阴 (苦陰) 緣此苦陰 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 8
• 大苦 (大苦) 是為此大苦陰緣 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 10 — count: 7
• 咸苦 (鹹苦) 海水鹹苦有三因緣 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 21 — count: 6
• 苦想 (苦想) 六者無常苦想 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 6
• 忧悲苦 (憂悲苦) 憂悲苦不如意惱 — Nirvāṇa Sūtra 佛般泥洹經, Scroll 1 — count: 5
• 苦报 (苦報) 煩惱苦報墮三惡道 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 6 — count: 5
• 见苦 (見苦) 不能見苦 — Sangītisūtra 大集法門經, Scroll 2 — count: 5
• 尽苦 (儘苦) 平等盡苦 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 9 — count: 4
• 苦无我 (苦無我) 七者苦無我想 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 4