苦 kǔ

1. kǔ noun bitterness; bitter flavor
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Food and Drink , Concept: Flavor 味道
   Notes: One of the 五味 'five flavors', the opposite of 甜 'sweetness' (Guoyu '苦' n 1)
2. kǔ noun hardship; suffering
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
   Notes: For example, the idiom 苦中作乐 'to enjoy in spite of hardship' (Guoyu '苦' n 2; Unihan '苦')
3. kǔ verb to make things difficult for
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 受累 or 为难 (Guoyu '苦' v 1)
4. kǔ noun sorrow; duḥkha; dukkha; suffering
   Domain: Buddhism 佛教
   Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: duḥkha, Pali: dukkha, Japanese: ku; Tibetan: sdug bsngal. Duḥkha is the unsatisfactory nature inherent in all conditioned phenomena. 苦諦 'The truth of suffering' is the first of the 四聖諦 'four noble truths,' a fundamental teaching of Buddhism (BL 'duḥkha', p. 270-271; FGDB '苦'); FGS translation standard: Sorrow
5. kǔ verb to train; to practice
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 磨鍊 (Guoyu '苦' v 2)
6. kǔ verb to suffer from a misfortune
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 患 (Guoyu '苦' v 3)
7. kǔ adjective bitter
   Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Food and Drink
   Notes: (Guoyu '苦' adj 1; Unihan '苦')
8. kǔ adjective grieved; facing hardship
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 艰辛; for example, 苦日子 'hard times' (Guoyu '苦' adj 2)
9. kǔ adjective in low spirits; depressed
   Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
   Notes: In the sense of 愁闷; for example, 愁眉苦脸 'to look anxious' (Guoyu '苦' adj 3)
10. kǔ adverb assiduously; to do one's best; to strive as much as possible
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 尽力 (Guoyu '苦' adv; Han Dian '苦' adj 7)
11. kǔ adjective painful
    Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
    Notes: In the sense of 痛 (Han Dian '苦' adj 4)

Contained in

• 集法悦舍苦陁罗尼(集法悅捨苦陁羅尼) Dhāraṇī-Sūtra on Collecting the Joy of the Teachings and Getting Rid of Suffering
• 心中烦恼无明即地狱 心中菩提正见即天堂 心中忧悲苦恼是娑婆 心中安乐幸福是净土(心中煩惱無明即地獄 心中菩提正見即天堂 心中憂悲苦惱是娑婆 心中安樂幸福是淨土) Affliction and ignorance take one to hell. Bodhi and right view take one to heaven. Sadness, sorrow, trouble, and affliction take one to the Saha World. Happiness, peace, and joy take one to the Pure Land.
• 度一切苦厄 Overcome All Sufferings
• 苦灭道圣谛(苦滅道聖諦) the noble truth of the way to extinction of suffering is the noble eightfold path
• 苦乐(苦樂) joy and pain
• 八苦 eight kinds of suffering; the eight distresses
• 三苦 three kinds of suffering
• 苦果 suffering as a karmic result ; Effects of Suffering
• 苦灭谛(苦滅諦) the noble truth of the extinction of suffering
• 人生诸苦 悭贪之人伶仃孤苦 挥霍之人求不得苦 懒惰之人千辛万苦 矫情之人嘴甜心苦 麻木之人不知甘苦 执着之人放不下苦 瞋恨之人怨憎会苦 五逆之人倒悬悲苦 风尘之人内心痛苦 流浪之人颠波泪苦 边疆之人穷困辛苦 军中之人战斗累苦 病亡之人爱别离苦 乞讨之人淒凉哀苦 创业之人备尝辛苦 发心之人不辞劳苦 养育之人含辛茹苦 情义之人同甘共苦 勤奋之人不以为苦 慈悲之人喜乐拔苦 喜舍之人济贫救苦 积善之人无有众苦(人生諸苦 慳貪之人伶仃孤苦 揮霍之人求不得苦 懶惰之人千辛萬苦 矯情之人嘴甜心苦 麻木之人不知甘苦 執著之人放不下苦 瞋恨之人怨憎會苦 五逆之人倒懸悲苦 風塵之人內心痛苦 流浪之人顛波淚苦 邊疆之人窮困辛苦 軍中之人戰鬥累苦 病亡之人愛別離苦 乞討之人淒涼哀苦 創業之人備嘗辛苦 發心之人不辭勞苦 養育之人含辛茹苦 情義之人同甘共苦 勤奮之人不以為苦 慈悲之人喜樂拔苦 喜捨之人濟貧救苦 積善之人無有眾苦) The Pains of Life Stinginess and greed cause the pain of loneliness. Extravagance causes the pain of discontent. Laziness causes the pain of hardship. Pretentiousness causes the pain of insincerity. Nonchalance causes the pain of apathy. Stubbornness causes the pain of attachment. Anger causes the pain of unpleasant meetings. The Five Offenses cause the pain of being born as an animal. Prostitution bears the pain of unspeakable torment. Vagrancy causes the pain of displacement. Being on the outlying areas bears the pain of destitution. Being a soldier suffers the pain of battle. Sickness and death suffer the pain of separation from loved ones. Beggardom suffers the pain of desolation. Entrepreneurship suffers the pain of toil and fatigue. Aspiration keeps one immune to painstaking effort. Parents willingly endure the hardships of raising a child. Righteous and loyal ones partake in each other's pains and joys. Diligence keeps one insusceptible to hardship. Compassion relieves others from pain by giving them joy and happiness. Generosity helps those in pain of being poor and needy. Good deeds keep one free from all forms of pain.
• 五阴炽盛苦(五陰熾盛苦) suffering due to the five aggregates
• 生活乐趣 困难时先忧后乐 失意时苦中想乐 贫苦时知足常乐 落魄时奋起为乐 受罪时忏悔得乐 委屈时放下能乐 忙碌时闹中取乐 饭食时感恩有乐 耕种时收成获乐 休憩时舒服安乐 独处时自得其乐 布施时为善最乐 安居时淡泊自乐 应酬时谈笑共乐 得意时怡然享乐 富贵时与众同乐 团圆时天伦之乐 掌权时助人为乐 日常时平安喜乐 修行时吾有法乐(生活樂趣 困難時先憂後樂 失意時苦中想樂 貧苦時知足常樂 落魄時奮起為樂 受罪時懺悔得樂 委屈時放下能樂 忙碌時鬧中取樂 飯食時感恩有樂 耕種時收成獲樂 休憩時舒服安樂 獨處時自得其樂 布施時為善最樂 安居時淡泊自樂 應酬時談笑共樂 得意時怡然享樂 富貴時與眾同樂 團圓時天倫之樂 掌權時助人為樂 日常時平安喜樂 修行時吾有法樂) The “Fun” about Life Enjoy the sorrow in times of tribulations. Enjoy the pain in times of disappointment. Enjoy the sense of contentment in times of poverty. Enjoy the efforts in times of failure. Enjoy the repentance in times of transgression. Enjoy letting go in times of aggrievement. Enjoy the excitement in times of activity. Enjoy the gratitude in times of eating. Enjoy the harvest in times of cultivation. Enjoy the comfort in times of rest. Enjoy the moments in times of solitude. Enjoy doing good deeds in times of giving. Enjoy the simplicity in times of dwelling at home. Enjoy the friendly exchanges in times of social engagement. Enjoy the happiness in times of success. Enjoy the ability to share in times of wealth. Enjoy the intimacy in times of family reunion. Enjoy the luxury of helping others when in acceptance of power. Enjoy the blessings of safety in ordinary times. Enjoy the joy of Dharma in times of spiritual cultivation.
• 世人二十苦 忍者苦口难言 愚者苦海无边 病者苦不堪言 盲者苦于无光 佞者苦心积虑 孤者苦无照顾 老者苦有代沟 贪者苦求无着 贫者苦雨淒风 邪者苦事无穷 犯者苦陷牢狱 恶者苦果必然 业者苦心经营 师者苦口婆心 达者苦中有乐 勇者苦忍有力 学者苦心研究 勤者苦尽甘来 智者苦能转乐 仁者苦节飘香(世人二十苦 忍者苦口難言 愚者苦海無邊 病者苦不堪言 盲者苦於無光 佞者苦心積慮 孤者苦無照顧 老者苦有代溝 貪者苦求無著 貧者苦雨淒風 邪者苦事無窮 犯者苦陷牢獄 惡者苦果必然 業者苦心經營 師者苦口婆心 達者苦中有樂 勇者苦忍有力 學者苦心研究 勤者苦盡甘來 智者苦能轉樂 仁者苦節飄香) Twenty Pains of Life One who endures finds the pain indescribable. One who is ignorant is trapped in the abyss of suffering. One who is sick is in unspeakable pain. One who is blind is blocked from rays of light. One who is wicked is chained by painstaking plot. One who is in solitude is threatened by loneliness. One who is old is isolated by generation gaps. One who is greedy is deprived of freedom. One who is poor is desolated by rain and cold. One who is evil is trapped in endless suffering. One who is convicted is locked behind bars. One who is unwholesome will never escape suffering. One who is in business is entangled by the tediousness of management. One who is the teacher is willing to advise earnestly and kindly. One who is skillful is able to find joy in hardship. One who is brave has the power to end suffering. One who is well learned is able to commit to his research. One who is diligent can put an end to hardship. One who is wise can turn suffering into happiness. One who is benevolent will leave behind a good name.
• 受苦无间(受苦無間) uninterrupted suffering
• 自化作苦经(自化作苦經) Sutra on Self Induced Suffering
• 念苦是苦 knowledge with reference to stress
• 知苦断集(知苦斷集) realize suffering and stop accumulation
• 能受苦方为志士 肯吃亏必是福人(能受苦方為志士 肯吃虧必是福人) Only perseverance makes a hero; Only compromise brings good fortune.
• 苦由习真谛(苦由習真諦) the noble truth of the origination of stress
• 罪苦 suffering caused by one's own wrongdoing
• 苦痛 the sensation of pain
• 苦际(苦際) limit of suffering
• 行苦 suffering as a consequence of action
• 断苦法(斷苦法) methods to end affliction
• 不以得为喜 不以失为悲 不以求为苦 不以有为乐(不以得為喜 不以失為悲 不以求為苦 不以有為樂) Do not take gain to be joy. Do not take loss to be pain. Do not take yearning to be suffering. Do not take having to happiness.
• 苦习尽为真谛(苦習盡為真諦) the noble truth of the cessation of stress

Also contained in

甘苦 、 秘鲁苦蘵 、 孤苦伶仃 、 变苦 、 氯化苦 、 苦荬菜 、 苦日子 、 苦头 、 疾苦 、 苦精 、 哑巴吃黄连，有苦说不出 、 苦参 、 苦役 、 含辛茹苦 、 诉苦 、 苦情 、 何苦 、 吃苦耐劳 、 苦竹 、 苦事 、 吃苦 、 叫苦不迭 、 苦瓜脸 、 苦主 、 苦活

Word is mentioned most frequently in

Truncated for common words

• Scroll 16 Abhidharmajñānaprasthānaśāstra (Apidamo Fa Zhi Zu Lun) 阿毘達磨發智論 — count: 308
• Scroll 5 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 242
• Scroll 44 Yogācāryabhūmiśāstra (Yujia Shi Di Lun) 瑜伽師地論 — count: 180
• Scroll 22 Notes on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論記 — count: 169
• Scroll 15 Xian Yang Shengjiao Lun 顯揚聖教論 — count: 163
• Scroll 22 Commentary on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論疏 — count: 160
• Scroll 24 Abhidharmajñānaprasthānaśāstra (Apitan Ba Jiandu Lun) 阿毘曇八犍度論 — count: 159
• Scroll 6 Satyasiddhiśāstra (Cheng Shi Lun / Treatise of Establishing Reality) 成實論 — count: 157
• Scroll 7 Bodhisattvabhūmi (Pusa Xing Chi Jing) 菩薩地持經 — count: 154
• Scroll 1 Catuḥsatyaśāstra (Si Di Lun) 四諦論 — count: 148

Collocations

• 苦不乐 (苦不樂) 不苦不樂 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 4 — count: 11
• 苦阴 (苦陰) 緣此苦陰 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 8
• 大苦 (大苦) 是為此大苦陰緣 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 10 — count: 7
• 苦想 (苦想) 六者無常苦想 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 6
• 咸苦 (鹹苦) 海水鹹苦有三因緣 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 21 — count: 6
• 忧悲苦 (憂悲苦) 憂悲苦不如意惱 — Nirvāṇa Sūtra 佛般泥洹經, Scroll 1 — count: 5
• 无常苦 (無常苦) 六者無常苦想 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 5
• 见苦 (見苦) 不能見苦 — Sangītisūtra 大集法門經, Scroll 2 — count: 5
• 苦报 (苦報) 煩惱苦報墮三惡道 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 6 — count: 5
• 舍苦 (捨苦) 捨苦捨樂 — Dīrghāgama 長阿含經, Scroll 17 — count: 4