苦 kǔ
-
kǔ
noun
bitterness; bitter flavor
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Food and Drink , Concept: Flavor 味道
Notes: One of the 五味 'five flavors', the opposite of 甜 'sweetness' (Guoyu '苦' n 1) -
kǔ
noun
hardship; suffering
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
Notes: For example, the idiom 苦中作乐 'to enjoy in spite of hardship' (Guoyu '苦' n 2; Unihan '苦') -
kǔ
verb
to make things difficult for
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 受累 or 为难 (Guoyu '苦' v 1) -
kǔ
verb
to train; to practice
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 磨鍊 (Guoyu '苦' v 2) -
kǔ
verb
to suffer from a misfortune
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 患 (Guoyu '苦' v 3) -
kǔ
adjective
bitter
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 , Subdomain: Food and Drink
Notes: (Guoyu '苦' adj 1; Unihan '苦') -
kǔ
adjective
grieved; facing hardship
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 艰辛; for example, 苦日子 'hard times' (Guoyu '苦' adj 2) -
kǔ
adjective
in low spirits; depressed
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 愁闷; for example, 愁眉苦脸 'to look anxious' (Guoyu '苦' adj 3) -
kǔ
adverb
assiduously; to do one's best; to strive as much as possible
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 尽力 (Guoyu '苦' adv; Han Dian '苦' adj 7) -
kǔ
adjective
painful
Domain: Literary Chinese 文言文
Notes: In the sense of 痛 (Han Dian '苦' adj 4) -
kǔ
noun
suffering; duḥkha; dukkha
Domain: Buddhism 佛教
Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: duḥkha, Pali: dukkha, Japanese: ku; Tibetan: sdug bsngal. Duḥkha is the unsatisfactory nature inherent in all conditioned phenomena. 苦諦 'The truth of suffering' is the first of the 四聖諦 'four noble truths,' a fundamental teaching of Buddhism (BCSD '苦', p. 1011; BL 'duḥkha', p. 270-271; FGDB '苦')
Contained in
- 八苦 eight kinds of suffering; the eight distresses
- 苦阴因事经(苦陰因事經) Ku Yin Yin Shi Jing; Cuḷadukkhakkhandhasutta; Cula-dukkhakkhandha Sutta
- 苦毒 pain; suffering
- 五蕴炽盛苦(五蘊熾盛苦) suffering due to the five aggregates
- 苦海无边,回头是岸(苦海無邊,回頭是岸) The sea of bitterness has no bounds, turn your head to see the shore . Only Buddhist enlightenment can allow one to shed off the abyss of worldly suffering. ; the ocean of suffering is boundless; only by turning back can one reach salvation
- 厌生死苦(厭生死苦) hate the suffering of Saṃsāra ; hate the suffering of Saṃsāra
- 不相哀相逢会苦(不相哀相逢會苦) suffering of having to meet the hateful
- 爱灭苦灭圣谛(愛滅苦滅聖諦) the noble truth of the extinction of suffering
- 能吃苦方为志士 肯吃亏即是福人(能吃苦方為志士 肯吃虧即是福人) Only perseverance makes a hero; Only compromise brings good fortune.
- 能受苦方为志士 肯吃亏必是福人(能受苦方為志士 肯吃虧必是福人) Only perseverance makes a hero; Only compromise brings good fortune.
- 苦果 Effects of Suffering ; suffering as a karmic result
- 五苦经(五苦經) Suffering in the Five Realms
- 故业因苦行灭(故業因苦行滅) destruction of old actions through asceticism
- 不以得为喜 不以失为悲 不以求为苦 不以有为乐(不以得為喜 不以失為悲 不以求為苦 不以有為樂) Do not take gain to be joy. Do not take loss to be pain. Do not take yearning to be suffering. Do not take having to happiness.
- 病苦 sickness; suffering due to sickness
- 苦习圣谛(苦習聖諦) the noble truth of the cause of suffering
- 是苦灭(是苦滅) this is the suppression of pain
- 法轮常转超苦海 乘愿再来度众生(法輪常轉超苦海 乘願再來度眾生) The ever-turning Dharma Wheel shall help transcend the sea of suffering; On the wings of our vows, we shall return to deliver sentient beings.
- 苦苦 suffering from external circumstances
- 怨憎会苦(怨憎會苦) suffering due to closeness to loathsome people
- 生老苦 birth is stressful, aging is stressful
- 五阴炽盛苦(五陰熾盛苦) suffering due to the five aggregates
- 六苦行外道 six ascetic schools
- 度一切苦厄 Overcome All Sufferings
Also contained in
备尝辛苦 、 勤奋刻苦 、 苦艾酒 、 自找苦吃 、 苦行僧 、 苦役 、 苦楚 、 痛疾哀苦 、 苦海无边 、 苦谏 、 苦力 、 苦修 、 苦叉 、 苦劳 、 苦差事 、 皇天不负苦心人 、 同甘共苦 、 辛苦 、 疾苦 、 清苦 、 苦况 、 苦大仇深 、 嘴甜心苦 、 苦活儿 、 苦口 、 苦茶 、 有苦说不出
Word is mentioned most frequently in
Truncated for common words
- Scroll 16 Abhidharmajñānaprasthānaśāstra (Apidamo Fa Zhi Zu Lun) 阿毘達磨發智論 — count: 308
- Scroll 5 Da Ban Niepan Jing Yi Ji 大般涅槃經義記 — count: 240
- Scroll 44 Yogācāryabhūmiśāstra (Yujia Shi Di Lun) 瑜伽師地論 — count: 179
- Scroll 22 Notes on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論記 — count: 169
- Scroll 15 Xian Yang Shengjiao Lun 顯揚聖教論 — count: 163
- Scroll 22 Commentary on the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya 俱舍論疏 — count: 160
- Scroll 24 Abhidharmajñānaprasthānaśāstra (Apitan Ba Jiandu Lun) 阿毘曇八犍度論 — count: 159
- Scroll 6 Satyasiddhiśāstra (Cheng Shi Lun / Treatise of Establishing Reality) 成實論 — count: 157
- Scroll 7 Bodhisattvabhūmi (Pusa Xing Chi Jing) 菩薩地持經 — count: 151
- Scroll 1 Catuḥsatyaśāstra (Si Di Lun) 四諦論 — count: 148
Collocations
- 苦不乐 (苦不樂) 不苦不樂 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 4 — count: 11
- 苦阴 (苦陰) 緣此苦陰 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 1 — count: 8
- 大苦 (大苦) 是為此大苦陰緣 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 10 — count: 7
- 咸苦 (鹹苦) 海水鹹苦有三因緣 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 21 — count: 6
- 苦想 (苦想) 六者無常苦想 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 5
- 忧悲苦 (憂悲苦) 憂悲苦不如意惱 — Nirvāṇa Sūtra 佛般泥洹經, Scroll 1 — count: 5
- 苦报 (苦報) 煩惱苦報墮三惡道 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 6 — count: 5
- 不着苦 (不著苦) 雖知不著苦 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 11 — count: 4
- 丛林苦 (叢林苦) 何等出叢林苦 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 4 — count: 4
- 无常苦 (無常苦) 六者無常苦想 — Long Discourses (Chang Ahan Jing) 長阿含經, Scroll 2 — count: 4